2025 年的个人知识管理：为什么我们不再只是做笔记了

📝 核心摘要

文章指出 2025 年的 PKM 已从“做笔记/归档”转向“构建认知生态”：通过链接、可视化与 AI 助手，把信息组织升级为思考的架构与知识生成的过程。作者评述 Capacities、Anytype、Logseq、Obsidian 等工具，并强调 Constella.App 以 AI 驱动的星座视图帮助在语境中联结与回忆，从而促进非线性思考。结论是：PKM 不只是提升效率，而是增强思考、连接与人性化的认知实践。

🔑 关键要点

• 从文件夹/标签的归档，转向链接、可视化、查询的思维架构
• 工具趋势：对象化结构（Capacities）、本地优先与数据主权（Anytype）、大纲与反向链接（Logseq）、纯文本生态与插件系统（Obsidian）
• AI 参与：上下文感知的联想与检索，自动提示关联，提升创意生成与回忆
• Constella.App：无限画布 + AI「Stella」即时联结，面向真实人类语境的非线性创作
• 核心价值：选择“像你一样思考并帮助你更好思考”的工具，PKM 已超越生产力范式
  It’s 11:47 p.m. and I’m dragging colored blocks around an infinite whiteboard. Somewhere between linking my reading notes on feminist ethnography and setting reminders for a weekend hike, I realize I’m not managing notes anymore — I’m designing my own cognitive ecosystem. This is what Personal Knowledge Management (PKM) looks like in 2025.
  现在是晚上 11 点 47 分，我正在一个无限大的白板上拖动彩色的方块。在将关于女性主义民族志的阅读笔记进行链接，并为周末徒步设置提醒之间，我意识到自己已经不是在管理笔记了——而是在设计自己的认知生态系统。这就是 2025 年的个人知识管理（PKM）的样子。

As someone trained in social sciences and obsessed with how people interact with technology, I’ve watched PKM evolve from a productivity subculture into a full-blown way of thinking. It’s no longer just a tool — it’s a practice, a worldview, a new literacy.
作为一名接受过社会科学训练、并对人们如何与技术互动着迷的人，我见证了 PKM 从一种生产力亚文化演变为一种完整的思维方式。它不再只是一个工具——而是一种实践、一种世界观、一种新的素养。

From Filing Cabinets to Thought Architectures: The PKM Revolution

从文件柜到思维架构：PKM 的革命

Once upon a time, knowledge lived in folders. We used to “store” things — class notes, meeting summaries, research clippings. Now? We link, tag, visualize, and query. The game has changed.
很久以前，知识存在于文件夹中。我们曾经 “存储” 一些东西——课堂笔记、会议摘要、研究剪报。现在呢？我们进行链接、标记、可视化和查询。游戏规则已经改变。

PKM tools today are less about archiving and more about shaping how we think. With the rise of tools like Obsidian, Logseq, and Heptabase, we’re building dynamic environments where information interacts, mutates, and grows.
如今的 PKM 工具更注重塑造我们的思维方式，而不是归档。随着 Obsidian、Logseq 和 Heptabase 等工具的兴起，我们正在构建动态环境，其中信息可以相互作用、变异和增长。

Let’s take a look at what’s leading the charge.
让我们来看看哪些工具正在引领这场变革。

Capacities 软件

Your notes, structured like objects
你的笔记，像对象一样结构化

Capacities brings together the flexibility of Notion with the structure of the Zettelkasten method, plus a layer of AI-driven assistance. Its object-oriented design allows users to organize their notes as “objects” — like books, meetings, projects, and ideas — which can be linked, tagged, and sorted. This makes it ideal for knowledge workers who deal with diverse types of information across many domains. It supports bidirectional linking and embedding rich media, making it versatile for creators who use text, images, and videos in their workflows.
Capacities 结合了 Notion 的灵活性与 Zettelkasten 方法的结构，并增加了一层人工智能驱动的辅助功能。其面向对象的设计允许用户将笔记组织为 “对象”——比如书籍、会议、项目和想法——这些对象可以被链接、标记和排序。这使得它非常适合处理跨多个领域的各种类型信息的知识工作者。它支持双向链接和嵌入丰富的媒体，使其成为在工作流程中使用文本、图像和视频的创作者的多功能工具。

Key features: 关键功能：

• Content types as objects: Turn your notes into structured units like “Idea,” “Book,” or “Project.”
  内容类型作为对象：将您的笔记转化为结构化单元，如 “想法”、“书籍” 或“项目”。
• Bidirectional linking: Connect notes across categories to uncover hidden relationships.
  双向链接：在不同类别之间连接笔记，发现隐藏的关系。
• Media embedding: Easily include images, PDFs, and videos in your content blocks.
  媒体嵌入：轻松在内容块中包含图片、PDF 和视频。
• Powerful filters and views: Visualize your database with filters, tables, calendars, or Kanban boards.
  强大的过滤器和视图：通过过滤器、表格、日历或看板来可视化您的数据库。
• AI assistance: Get summarization and idea-generation help with context-aware suggestions.
  AI 辅助：通过上下文感知的建议获得摘要和创意生成的帮助。

Capacities seamlessly blends object-oriented structuring with deep linking, offering a fresh approach to PKM for visual thinkers and those needing structured, flexible organization.
Anytype 无缝结合面向对象的结构与深度链接，为视觉思考者以及需要结构化、灵活组织的人提供了全新的 PKM 方法。

Anytype

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The offline-first Notion alternative with local-first data control
以离线优先为理念的 Notion 替代品，强调本地数据控制

Anytype is a privacy-first PKM tool that emphasizes total data sovereignty. Unlike Notion, which stores data on cloud servers, Anytype lets users store all their notes locally on their devices, with optional encrypted sync across devices. This makes it ideal for users who value privacy and need their data to stay under their control. Anytype supports bidirectional linking, dynamic graphs, and a modular system where tasks, notes, and references can be treated as individual objects. It provides a unique, local-first approach to knowledge management with a focus on privacy and user ownership.
Anytype 是一款以隐私为首要考虑的 PKM 工具，强调完全的数据主权。与存储数据在云服务器上的 Notion 不同，Anytype 让用户可以将所有笔记本地存储在自己的设备上，并可选择性地在设备间进行加密同步。这使其成为注重隐私并希望数据始终处于自己控制之下的用户的理想选择。Anytype 支持双向链接、动态图谱以及模块化系统，任务、笔记和参考文献均可作为独立对象处理。它提供了一种独特的、以本地优先的知识管理方式，专注于隐私和用户所有权。

Key features: 关键特性：

• Local-first architecture: All your data is stored on your device, with optional sync across devices using end-to-end encryption.
  以本地为中心的架构：所有数据都存储在您的设备上，可通过端到端加密在设备间进行可选同步。
• Object-oriented design: Notes, tasks, people, and resources are treated as modular objects you can connect.
  面向对象的设计：笔记、任务、人员和资源被视为可连接的模块化对象。
• Graph view: Visualize the connections across your ideas and notes in a dynamic knowledge map.
  图谱视图：在动态知识图谱中可视化您想法和笔记之间的联系。
• Markdown support: Write cleanly with native markdown that remains portable.
  Markdown 支持：使用原生 Markdown 编写，保持便携性。
• Cross-platform: Available on Mac, Windows, Linux, and mobile, with full offline access.
  跨平台：可在 Mac、Windows、Linux 和移动设备上使用，并提供完整的离线访问功能。

Anytype is ideal for users who prioritize privacy and control while building an interconnected knowledge base that’s also secure and offline-first.
Anytype 非常适合那些在构建互联知识库时重视隐私和控制的用户，同时该工具也具备安全性和离线优先的特点。

Logseq

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A hacker’s dream for outlining and learning
黑客的理想大纲和学习工具

Logseq is an open-source PKM tool that combines the functionality of a bullet journal with the flexibility of a personal wiki. It encourages users to think through daily notes, which evolve into structured ideas and interconnected knowledge over time. Logseq’s minimalist approach, along with its support for Markdown, backlinks, and custom plugins, makes it an excellent tool for researchers, students, and advanced users who want total control over their knowledge system. Its privacy-respecting architecture and extensibility make it a great fit for those who want to tinker with their tools.
Logseq 是一个开源的 PKM 工具，结合了便签本的功能与个人维基的灵活性。它鼓励用户通过日常笔记进行思考，这些笔记会随着时间的推移演变为结构化的想法和相互关联的知识。Logseq 的极简主义方法，以及对 Markdown、反向链接和自定义插件的支持，使其成为研究人员、学生和高级用户理想的工具，他们希望对其知识系统有完全的控制权。其尊重隐私的架构和可扩展性，使其成为那些想要尝试和改进自己工具的人的绝佳选择。

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Key features: 主要功能：

• Daily notes and outlining: Capture everything in bullet-point format that can evolve into structured knowledge.
  每日笔记和大纲：以项目符号格式捕捉所有内容，可以发展为结构化知识。
• Markdown-based: Your data is plain-text, portable, and future-proof.
  基于 Markdown：你的数据是纯文本，可移植且未来兼容。
• Linked references and backlinks: Build a network of thoughts as you write, ideal for research and long-term memory.
  链接引用和反向链接：在写作过程中构建思想网络，非常适合研究和长期记忆。
• Plugins and themes: Fully customizable with a rich plugin ecosystem.
  插件和主题：拥有丰富的插件生态系统，完全可自定义。
• Whiteboard and PDF annotation: Visual thinkers and students benefit from advanced integrations.
  白板和 PDF 注释：视觉思考者和学生可以从高级集成中受益。

Logseq is perfect for those who value control over their system and want to shape their own knowledge workflow using open-source tools.
Logseq 非常适合那些重视对自己系统控制权，并希望使用开源工具塑造自己知识工作流程的人。

Obsidian

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Plain text, infinite power
纯文本，无限可能

Obsidian is a powerful knowledge management tool that centers around plain-text Markdown files. By using bidirectional linking, it enables users to create a web of connected notes. Obsidian is incredibly flexible, with an expansive plugin ecosystem, customizable themes, and multiple viewing options, including a graph view. Its local-first approach ensures that your data is stored on your devices, giving you full ownership. Whether you’re a researcher, writer, or coder, Obsidian’s robust features help turn your notes into a dynamic and interconnected knowledge base.
Obsidian 是一款以纯文本 Markdown 文件为中心的强大知识管理工具。通过双向链接，它使用户能够创建一个相互连接的笔记网络。Obsidian 非常灵活，拥有丰富的插件生态系统、可自定义的主题以及多种查看方式，包括图谱视图。其本地优先的设计确保了您的数据存储在自己的设备上，赋予您完整的数据所有权。无论您是研究人员、作家还是程序员，Obsidian 的强大功能都能帮助您将笔记转化为一个动态且相互关联的知识库。

Key features: 核心功能：

• Vault-based storage: Everything lives locally in folders of Markdown files.
  基于库的存储：所有内容都本地存储在 Markdown 文件夹中。
• Linking and backlinks: Connect notes with [[wikilinks]] and trace your thinking backward and forward.
  链接与反向链接：使用 [[wikilinks]] 连接笔记，并向前或向后追踪您的思路。
• Graph view: A beautiful, interactive visualization of your knowledge network.
  图谱视图：您知识网络的美观且交互式的可视化展示。
• Plugin ecosystem: Thousands of plugins let you extend Obsidian however you want.
  插件生态系统：数千个插件让您按需扩展 Obsidian 的功能。
• Canvas feature: Drag and drop notes on a visual board to map ideas spatially.
  画布功能：在可视化画板上拖放笔记，以空间方式映射想法。

Obsidian’s flexibility and offline-first design make it an indispensable tool for anyone looking to take full control of their note-taking and knowledge management system.
Obsidian 的灵活性和离线优先的设计使其成为任何希望完全掌控自己笔记记录和知识管理系统的人不可或缺的工具。

Where Constella.App Fits In: From Notes to Narratives

Constella.App 的定位：从笔记到叙述

Here’s where I get personal.
这里我要讲讲个人经历。

I’ve used all the tools above. I admire them. But I live inside Constella.App.
我使用过以上所有工具。我钦佩它们。但我生活在 Constella.App 中。

Why? Because it doesn’t just help me record information. It helps me think. The AI-powered constellation view is like having an assistant who can whisper, “Hey, this reminds me of that article you read three weeks ago about data colonialism.” And it’s right.
为什么？因为它不仅帮助我记录信息，还帮助我思考。由人工智能驱动的星系视图就像有一个助手在耳边低语：“嘿，这让我想起三周前你读过的关于数据殖民主义的文章。” 而它说得对。

Constella is built on a philosophy that’s different from the others. Most PKM tools assume you’re a productivity-obsessed, neurodivergent coder with unlimited time. Constella assumes you’re a human, thinking across moods, roles, disciplines, and time zones.
Constella 基于一种与其他工具不同的理念。大多数 PKM 工具假设你是一个追求效率、神经多样性、有无限时间的程序员。而 Constella 假设你是一个人类，在不同情绪、角色、学科和时区中进行思考。

Its infinite canvas lets me sketch ideas, link texts, revisit old thoughts, and watch them evolve into something more than notes: arguments, designs, theories, life philosophies.
它的无限画布让我可以勾勒想法，链接文本，回顾旧观点，并观察它们演变为比笔记更复杂的东西：论点、设计、理论、人生哲学。

Disclaimer: This post was also made possible thanks to Constella App.
免责声明：本文也得益于 Constella App 的支持。

Constella.App

The tool that helps you think like a system
让你像系统一样思考的工具

Constella.App is a Personal Knowledge Management (PKM) tool designed to facilitate nonlinear thinking and idea synthesis. It offers a visual, AI-powered canvas that allows users to capture, organize, and connect their thoughts seamlessly. The platform is particularly beneficial for individuals who prefer a more intuitive and interconnected approach to managing their knowledge.
Constella.App 是一个个人知识管理（PKM）工具，旨在促进非线性思维和想法融合。它提供了一个可视化、人工智能驱动的画布，让用户能够无缝地捕捉、组织和连接自己的想法。该平台特别适合那些偏好更直观和互联方式来管理自己知识的人。

Key features: 关键功能：

• Visual Graph-Based Interface: Constella provides an infinite canvas where users can freely place and connect notes, creating a dynamic knowledge map that evolves as ideas develop. This interface supports a more organic and visual method of organizing information.
  基于视觉图的界面：Constella 提供了一个无限画布，用户可以自由地放置和连接笔记，创建一个随着想法发展而动态演变的知识地图。这种界面支持一种更自然和直观的信息组织方式。
• AI-Powered Smart Retrieval: The platform’s AI assistant, known as Stella, enhances the note-taking experience by automatically linking related notes and surfacing relevant information as users type. This feature aids in discovering connections between ideas that may not be immediately apparent.
  AI 驱动的智能检索：该平台的 AI 助手 Stella 通过自动链接相关笔记并在用户输入时显示相关信息来增强记笔记的体验。此功能有助于发现那些可能不会立即显现的想法之间的联系。
• Effortless Backlinking: Constella enables users to create backlinks between notes effortlessly, fostering a networked structure of knowledge that mirrors the interconnected nature of human thought. ​
  轻松的反向链接：Constella 让用户能够轻松地在笔记之间创建反向链接，从而构建一个类似人类思维相互关联性质的知识网络。
• Seamless Cross-Platform Sync: The application ensures that notes are synchronized across devices, allowing users to access and update their knowledge base from anywhere, maintaining continuity in their workflow.
  无缝跨平台同步：该应用程序确保笔记在各种设备上同步，使用户可以从任何地方访问和更新他们的知识库，保持工作流程的连续性。
• Markdown Support: Constella supports Markdown formatting, enabling users to write and format their notes efficiently, ensuring compatibility and ease of use. ​
  Markdown 支持：Constella 支持 Markdown 格式，使用户能够高效地编写和格式化笔记，确保兼容性和易用性。

Constella.App is tailored for individuals seeking a flexible and visually intuitive PKM tool that leverages AI to enhance the organization and retrieval of information.
Constella.App 是为那些寻求灵活且直观的 PKM 工具的人设计的，它利用 AI 来提升信息的组织和检索能力。

Final Thoughts: Why PKM in 2025 Is Bigger Than Productivity

最后思考：为什么 2025 年的 PKM 比生产力更重要

We started with folders. We ended up with cognitive augmentation.
我们从文件夹开始。最终我们实现了认知增强。

PKM in 2025 isn’t about being more productive. It’s about becoming more thoughtful, more connected, more human. It’s about building tools that adapt to our minds — not the other way around.
2025 年的 PKM 不是为了提高生产力。而是为了变得更加深思熟虑、更加互联、更加人性化。它是关于构建适应我们思维的工具——而不是相反。

If you’re just starting out, go slow. Don’t get seduced by features. Choose the tool that thinks like you do — or better yet, helps you think better.
如果你刚开始接触，慢慢来。不要被各种功能所迷惑。选择一个能像你一样思考的工具——或者更进一步，帮助你更好地思考的工具。

For me, that tool is Constella. Not because it’s perfect, but because it meets me where I am — and then nudges me where I want to go.
对我来说，这个工具就是 Constella。不是因为它完美，而是因为它能让我在当前的状态下顺利使用——并引导我走向我想要的方向。